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发布于 2026-01-06 1 阅读
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在由 Mux 呈现的 Go DEV 全球展示与讲述挑战赛中解析 JSON API 响应：展示你的项目！

使用 Go 解析 JSON API 响应

由 Mux 主办的 DEV 全球展示挑战赛：展示你的项目！

（您可以在这里找到我的原文 - data-gulu.com）

介绍

当您将模型结果托管为微服务，或从网站抓取数据时，您经常会遇到需要处理 RESTful API JSON 对象的情况。本文将向您展示如何在 Go 中轻松处理 JSON 数据。

概述

  1. 从示例 API 托管站点获取 JSON 响应 - 请求
  2. 从响应生成 Go 结构体 - json-to-go
  3. 将 JSON 响应反序列化为 Go 结构体
  4. 遍历结构体并打印结果中的数据

获取请求



package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    resp, err := http.Get("https://reqres.in/api/users?page=2")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("No response from request")
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body) // response body is []byte
    fmt.Println(string(body))              // convert to string before print
}
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结果 JSON



{"page":2,"per_page":6,"total":12,"total_pages":2,"data":[{"id":7,"email":"michael.lawson@reqres.in","first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Lawson","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/7-image.jpg"},{"id":8,"email":"lindsay.ferguson@reqres.in","first_name":"Lindsay","last_name":"Ferguson","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/8-image.jpg"},{"id":9,"email":"tobias.funke@reqres.in","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Funke","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/9-image.jpg"},{"id":10,"email":"byron.fields@reqres.in","first_name":"Byron","last_name":"Fields","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/10-image.jpg"},{"id":11,"email":"george.edwards@reqres.in","first_name":"George","last_name":"Edwards","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/11-image.jpg"},{"id":12,"email":"rachel.howell@reqres.in","first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Howell","avatar":"https://reqres.in/img/faces/12-image.jpg"}],"support":{"url":"https://reqres.in/#support-heading","text":"To keep ReqRes free, contributions towards server costs are appreciated!"}}
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转换 JSON 响应

您可以访问此网站 - JSON，轻松地将 JSON 响应转换为 Go 结构体。

将 JSON 解析为 Go 结构体

将 JSON 反序列化为 Go 结构体

然后，您可以将[]byteGET 响应中的数据反序列化为Response我们刚刚自动生成的结构体。



// Generated go struct
type Response struct {
    Page       int `json:"page"`
    PerPage    int `json:"per_page"`
    Total      int `json:"total"`
    TotalPages int `json:"total_pages"`
    Data       []struct {
        ID        int    `json:"id"`
        Email     string `json:"email"`
        FirstName string `json:"first_name"`
        LastName  string `json:"last_name"`
        Avatar    string `json:"avatar"`
    } `json:"data"`
    Support struct {
        URL  string `json:"url"`
        Text string `json:"text"`
    } `json:"support"`
}

// snippet only
var result Response
if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &result); err != nil {   // Parse []byte to go struct pointer
    fmt.Println("Can not unmarshal JSON")
}
fmt.Println(PrettyPrint(result))
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响应结构预览（部分）



{
    "page": 2,
    "per_page": 6,
    "total": 12,
    "total_pages": 2,
    "data": [
    {
        "id": 7,
        "email": "michael.lawson@reqres.in",
        "first_name": "Michael",
        "last_name": "Lawson",
        "avatar": "https://reqres.in/img/faces/7-image.jpg"
    },
        {
        "id": 8,
        "email": "lindsay.ferguson@reqres.in",
        "first_name": "Lindsay",
        "last_name": "Ferguson",
        "avatar": "https://reqres.in/img/faces/8-image.jpg"
    }
    ]
}
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最后遍历数据节点并打印出结果的 FirstName。




// Loop through the data node for the FirstName

for _, rec := range result.Data {

    fmt.Println(rec.FirstName)

}
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完整代码





package main



import (

    "encoding/json"

    "fmt"

    "io/ioutil"

    "net/http"

)



type Response struct {

    Page       int json:"page"

    PerPage    int json:"per_page"

    Total      int json:"total"

    TotalPages int json:"total_pages"

    Data       []struct {

        ID        int    json:"id"

        Email     string json:"email"

        FirstName string json:"first_name"

        LastName  string json:"last_name"

        Avatar    string json:"avatar"

    } json:"data"

    Support struct {

       URL  string json:"url"

       Text string json:"text"

    } json:"support"

}



func main() {




<span class="c">// Get request</span>
<span class="n">resp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="n">http</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"https://reqres.in/api/users?page=2"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="no">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="n">fmt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"No response from request"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>
<span class="k">defer</span> <span class="n">resp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Body</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Close</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="n">body</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="n">ioutil</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">ReadAll</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">resp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Body</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c">// response body is []byte</span>

<span class="k">var</span> <span class="n">result</span> <span class="n">Response</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Unmarshal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">body</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">&amp;</span><span class="n">result</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="n">err</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="no">nil</span> <span class="p">{</span>  <span class="c">// Parse []byte to the go struct pointer</span>
    <span class="n">fmt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"Can not unmarshal JSON"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>

<span class="c">// fmt.Println(PrettyPrint(result))</span>

<span class="c">// Loop through the data node for the FirstName</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rec</span> <span class="o">:=</span> <span class="k">range</span> <span class="n">result</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Data</span> <span class="p">{</span>
    <span class="n">fmt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Println</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rec</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FirstName</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="p">}</span>






    
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}



// PrettyPrint to print struct in a readable way

func PrettyPrint(i interface{}) string {

    s, _ := json.MarshalIndent(i, "", "\t")

    return string(s)

}
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演示

使用 Go 解析 JSON

（您可以在这里找到我的原文 - data-gulu.com）

文章来源：https://dev.to/billylkc/parse-json-api-response-in-go-10ng
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