增强您的 macOS 终端
本文最初发表于thbe.org。
我个人在使用电脑、笔记本或其他设备时，经常会用到终端。因此，我对终端进行了大量修改，以简化工作流程并充分发挥其功能。过去，我主要依靠手动操作，这需要我投入大量精力，并且每次系统更新时都需要进行相应的调整。所以，我尝试尽可能减少在终端优化方面所花费的时间和精力。
最终我选择了iTerm2 + zsh + oh-my-zsh + powerline + powerlevel9k的组合。这个组合满足了我大约 95% 的需求，并且大大减少了我维护终端所需的工作量。在这篇博文中，我将向您展示如何获得与我相同的终端：
那么，我们开始吧！我假设你的 macOS 系统上已经安装了 Homebrew。如果你还没有安装 Homebrew，我强烈建议你安装它，它是 macOS 的必备工具。你可以在他们的主页https://brew.sh/上找到安装说明。使用 Homebrew，你可以安装大部分所需的软件包。但在安装之前，我们先来下载当前稳定的 iTerm2 版本：
https://www.iterm2.com/downloads.html
解压 ZIP 文件并将应用程序移动到您的程序文件夹。现在您可以启动 iTerm2 了。完成此操作后，您可以安装zsh：
brew install zsh zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting
下一步是安装oh-my-zsh。幸运的是，这也很简单，只需使用以下命令：
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"
大部分工作已经完成。接下来，我们需要安装电力线：
brew install python3
pip3 install powerline-status
我主要使用Powerline来运行 Vim，这需要在 .vimrc 文件中进行配置：
" powerline
set rtp+=/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/powerline/bindings/vim
set laststatus=2
set t_Co=256
最后一步是安装powerlevel9k 。这可以通过Homebrew来完成：
brew tap sambadevi/powerlevel9k
brew install powerlevel9k
现在所有必需的软件包都已安装完毕，我们可以开始配置了。首先，内置字体并不完全支持此配置，您需要先安装合适的字体。我使用的是FiraCode light 字体。要安装该字体，您需要将其下载到字体库中：
mkdir ~/Downloads/FiraCode && cd ~/Downloads/FiraCode
wget https://github.com/tonsky/FiraCode/releases/download/2/FiraCode_2.zip
unzip FiraCode_2.zip
cp ttf/*.ttf ~/Library/Fonts/
cd ~/Downloads && rm -rf FiraCode/
下一步是设置 iTerm2 的配色方案。我使用的是 Wes Bos 提供的Cobalt2 配色方案，地址是https://github.com/wesbos/Cobalt2-iterm。需要先下载配色方案，然后将其导入到iTerm2中：
cd ~/Downloads
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/wesbos/Cobalt2-iterm/master/cobalt2.itermcolors --output cobalt2.itermcolors
现在可以通过打开 iTerm2 的首选项，然后选择配置文件 -> 颜色 -> 颜色预设 -> 导入来导入配色方案。
最后，您还需要修改 zsh 配置文件以满足您的需求。我的 .zshrc 文件内容如下：
# zsh configuration file
#
# Author: Thomas Bendler <code@thbe.org>
# Date: Tue Sep 24 20:28:27 UTC 2019
# Add powerline support
POWERLINE_ZSH="/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/powerline/bindings/zsh/powerline.zsh"
[-e "${POWERLINE_ZSH}"] && source "${POWERLINE_ZSH}"
# If you come from bash you might have to change your $PATH.
export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:${PATH}"
# Path to your oh-my-zsh installation.
export ZSH="${HOME}/.oh-my-zsh"
# Uncomment the following line to use case-sensitive completion.
CASE_SENSITIVE="true"
# Uncomment the following line to change how often to auto-update (in days).
export UPDATE_ZSH_DAYS=7
# Uncomment the following line to enable command auto-correction.
ENABLE_CORRECTION="true"
# Uncomment the following line to display red dots whilst waiting for completion.
COMPLETION_WAITING_DOTS="true"
# Uncomment the following line if you want to change the command execution time
# stamp shown in the history command output.
# You can set one of the optional three formats:
# "mm/dd/yyyy"|"dd.mm.yyyy"|"yyyy-mm-dd"
# or set a custom format using the strftime function format specifications,
# see 'man strftime' for details.
# HIST_STAMPS="mm/dd/yyyy"
# Which plugins would you like to load?
# Standard plugins can be found in ~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins/*
# Custom plugins may be added to ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/
# Add wisely, as too many plugins slow down shell startup.
plugins=(
ansible
battery
brew
bundler
colorize
docker
dotenv
git
git-flow-avh
iterm2
nmap
osx
rake
ruby
sudo
zsh-navigation-tools
)
ZSH_THEME="powerlevel9k"
source "${ZSH}/oh-my-zsh.sh"
# User configuration
# Load Zsh tools for syntax highlighting and autosuggestions
HOMEBREW_FOLDER="/usr/local/share"
source "${HOMEBREW_FOLDER}/zsh-autosuggestions/zsh-autosuggestions.zsh"
source "${HOMEBREW_FOLDER}/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh"
# Powerlevel9k configuration
#POWERLEVEL9K_MODE="compatible"
# Left prompt - Configure indicator when working as root
POWERLEVEL9K_ROOT_INDICATOR_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_ROOT_INDICATOR_FOREGROUND="red"
# Left prompt - Configure context (user@hostname)
POWERLEVEL9K_CONTEXT_DEFAULT_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_CONTEXT_DEFAULT_FOREGROUND="magenta"
# Left prompt - Configure display of current directory
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_HOME_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_HOME_FOREGROUND="white"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_HOME_SUBFOLDER_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_HOME_SUBFOLDER_FOREGROUND="white"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_ETC_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_ETC_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_WRITABLE_FORBIDDEN_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_WRITABLE_FORBIDDEN_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_DEFAULT_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DIR_DEFAULT_FOREGROUND="white"
POWERLEVEL9K_SHORTEN_DIR_LENGTH="3"
POWERLEVEL9K_SHORTEN_STRATEGY="truncate_middle"
# Right prompt - Configure command execution status indicator
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_OK_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_OK_FOREGROUND="green"
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_ERROR_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_ERROR_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_CROSS="true"
POWERLEVEL9K_STATUS_VERBOSE="true"
# Right prompt - Configure command execution time measurement
POWERLEVEL9K_COMMAND_EXECUTION_TIME_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_COMMAND_EXECUTION_TIME_FOREGROUND="white"
# Right prompt - Configure version control system
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_CLEAN_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_CLEAN_FOREGROUND="green"
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_MODIFIED_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_MODIFIED_FOREGROUND="darkorange"
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNTRACKED_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_VCS_UNTRACKED_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_SHOW_CHANGESET="true"
POWERLEVEL9K_CHANGESET_HASH_LENGTH="12"
# Right prompt - Configure display of running background jobs
POWERLEVEL9K_BACKGROUND_JOBS_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_BACKGROUND_JOBS_FOREGROUND="green"
# Right prompt - Configure RAM settings
POWERLEVEL9K_RAM_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_RAM_FOREGROUND="white"
# Right prompt - Configure load settings
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_CRITICAL_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_WARNING_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_NORMAL_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_CRITICAL_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_WARNING_FOREGROUND="darkorange"
POWERLEVEL9K_LOAD_NORMAL_FOREGROUND="green"
# Right prompt - Configure battery status
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_CHARGING_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_CHARGING_FOREGROUND="white"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_CHARGED_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_CHARGED_FOREGROUND="green"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_DISCONNECTED_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_DISCONNECTED_FOREGROUND="darkorange"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_LOW_THRESHOLD="10"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_LOW_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_LOW_FOREGROUND="red"
POWERLEVEL9K_BATTERY_VERBOSE=false
# Right prompt - Configure disk usage
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_NORMAL_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_NORMAL_FOREGROUND="green"
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_WARNING_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_WARNING_FOREGROUND="darkorange"
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_CRITICAL_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_DISK_USAGE_CRITICAL_FOREGROUND="red"
# Right prompt - Configure IP address
POWERLEVEL9K_IP_BACKGROUND="clear"
POWERLEVEL9K_IP_FOREGROUND="white"
# Configure multiline prompt
POWERLEVEL9K_PROMPT_ON_NEWLINE="true"
POWERLEVEL9K_SHOW_CHANGESET="true"
POWERLEVEL9K_MULTILINE_FIRST_PROMPT_PREFIX=""
POWERLEVEL9K_MULTILINE_LAST_PROMPT_PREFIX="$ "
POWERLEVEL9K_LEFT_SEGMENT_SEPARATOR=""
POWERLEVEL9K_RIGHT_SEGMENT_SEPARATOR=""
POWERLEVEL9K_LEFT_SUBSEGMENT_SEPARATOR=""
POWERLEVEL9K_RIGHT_SUBSEGMENT_SEPARATOR=""
# Configure the prompt content
POWERLEVEL9K_LEFT_PROMPT_ELEMENTS=(root_indicator context dir vcs)
POWERLEVEL9K_RIGHT_PROMPT_ELEMENTS=(status command_execution_time ram disk_usage ip)
#POWERLEVEL9K_RIGHT_PROMPT_ELEMENTS=(status command_execution_time load ram disk_usage ip)
# Local custom snippets
for item in $(ls -1 ${HOME}/.profile.d/*.profile); do
[-e "${item}"] && source "${item}"
done
安装这些插件并进行配置后，你的终端应该看起来和我的一样，即使你不喜欢，至少也应该是一个良好的起点，让你开始自己的配置。
文章来源：https://dev.to/thbe/enhance-your-macos-terminal-25o7